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Linking embryonic temperature with adultreproductive investment in Atlantic salmonSalmo salar

Jonsson, Bror; Jonsson, Nina; Finstad, Anders G.
Peer reviewed
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2561766
Date
2014
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  • Publikasjoner fra CRIStin - NINA [1722]
  • Scientific publications [743]
Original version
Marine Ecology Progress Series 2014, 515:217-226   10.3354/meps11006
Abstract
The expression of fitness-related traits, such as egg and gonad size, often varies

among habitats and exhibits clinal variation along climatic and latitudinal gradients. However, the

mechanisms allowing such variations are obscure and have been ascribed to both phenotypic plasticity

and genetic adaptation. We experimentally tested whether variation in egg and gonad size

of a poikilotherm vertebrate is influenced by the temperature individuals experienced during

embryogenesis, possibly as an epigenetic effect. Atlantic salmon Salmo salar eggs were incubated

under 3 embryonic thermal regimes: cold, mixed and warm treatments. The cold group received

ambient river water (mean ± SD: 2.6 ± 0.4°C) and the warm group received water at 4.6°C above

ambient temperature, the expected temperature in the river towards the end of this century, from

fertilization until exogenous feeding commenced. The mixed group received ambient river water

until hatching, whereupon the larvae received heated water until exogenous feeding commenced.

When exogenous feeding was initiated, all fish were reared under identical, natural thermal conditions.

At adulthood, fish that developed from warm-incubated eggs were largest, had the highest

mass−length relationship and developed larger eggs and higher gonad mass relative to their own

body size. There was no similar effect of thermal environment during larval development. The

treatment did not affect age of maturity or fecundity. Thus, thermal conditions during embryo -

genesis affected the expression of adult life-history traits, a mechanism by which fish may rapidly

change the size of their propagules to the anticipated thermal offspring environment. This is a novel

result explaining variation in these core life-history traits. Egg size · Epigenetics · Fecundity · Gonad mass · Phenotypic plasticity · Salmo salar ·

Thermal regime
Journal
Marine Ecology Progress Series
Copyright
© Inter-Research 2014

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