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dc.contributor.authorJonsson, Bror
dc.contributor.authorJonsson, Nina
dc.contributor.authorHansen, Michael M.
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-08T12:40:46Z
dc.date.available2022-06-08T12:40:46Z
dc.date.created2022-05-20T10:25:30Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.issn0033-5770
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2997941
dc.description.abstractEnvironmental factors influencing parents or offspring during embryogenesis can have knock-on effects at later life stages of the offspring. These effects may prepare the progeny for conditions that they may encounter as larvae, juveniles, and/or adults. Here, we give examples on how knock-on effects of temperature and predator cues can affect phenotypes of fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Such effects are best described in reptiles, but are generally widespread among ectotherms. Most of the species are oviparous with egg incubation outside the mother’s body. The eggs can be exposed to highly different and variable environmental conditions, and developmental plasticity may help offspring cope with influences they may encounter at a later stage, e.g., whether the habitat will be warmer or colder and/or safer or riskier than what they a priori are adapted for. Knock-on effects can be considered a subset of phenotypically plastic responses. They can be instantaneous or delayed, have a physiological foundation, and can be manifested as temperature-dependent sex determination and changes in morphological, physiological, lifehistory, and behavioral characters. They are often, but not exclusively, assumed evolutionarily favorable, particularly beneficial for invasive species and during periods of rapidly changing environments. However, although several studies suggest that plasticity in some cases increases survival and reproductive success, the fitness gain is still virtually untested. It is assumed that epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, could ultimately be important components of molecular mechanisms that allow early perceived cues to be expressed at a later stage in life. Although some empirical cases support this, evidence is still mostly circumstantial. Future research should investigate mechanisms and fitness effects of early environmental stimuli. These effects are important for the ecology of species and should be taken into account in experiments on ecological effects of environmental variables. This is of particular interest today because of climate change and increasing anthropogenic habitat alterations. adaptive programming, embryonic influences, environmental sex determination, epigenetic mechanisms, oviparous vertebrates, phenotypic plasticity, predator effects, thermal effectsen_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse-Ikkekommersiell 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.no*
dc.subjectadaptive programmingen_US
dc.subjectembryonic influencesen_US
dc.subjectenvironmental sex determinationen_US
dc.subjectepigenetic mechanismsen_US
dc.subjectoviparous vertebratesen_US
dc.subjectphenotypic plasticityen_US
dc.subjectpredator effectsen_US
dc.subjectthermal effectsen_US
dc.titleKnock-on effects of environmental influences during embryonic development of ecothermic vertebratesen_US
dc.title.alternativeKnock-on effects of environmental influences during embryonic development of ecothermic vertebratesen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holder© 2022 The University of Chicago. cc-by-ncen_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480en_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Zoology and botany: 480en_US
dc.source.pagenumber95-139en_US
dc.source.volume97en_US
dc.source.journalThe Quarterly review of biologyen_US
dc.source.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1086/720081
dc.identifier.cristin2025884
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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