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dc.contributor.authorRyde, Ingvild
dc.contributor.authorLi, Tao
dc.contributor.authorRieksta, Jolanta
dc.contributor.authordos Santos, Bruna M.
dc.contributor.authorNeilson, Elizabeth H. J.
dc.contributor.authorGericke, Oliver
dc.contributor.authorJepsen, Jane Uhd
dc.contributor.authorBork, Louise R. H.
dc.contributor.authorHolm, Hildur S.
dc.contributor.authorRinnan, Riikka
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-24T14:18:40Z
dc.date.available2022-03-24T14:18:40Z
dc.date.created2021-07-15T15:29:36Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.citationTree Physiology. 2021, 41 (6), 1019-1033.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0829-318X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2987449
dc.description.abstractThe mountain birch [Betula pubescens var. pumila (L.)] forest in the Subarctic is periodically exposed to insect outbreaks, which are expected to intensify due to climate change. To mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses, plants have evolved chemical defenses, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non-volatile specialized compounds (NVSCs). Constitutive and induced production of these compounds, however, are poorly studied in Subarctic populations of mountain birch. Here, we assessed the joint effects of insect herbivory, elevation and season on foliar VOC emissions and NVSC contents of mountain birch. The VOCs were sampled in situ by an enclosure technique and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. NVSCs were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry using an untargeted approach. At low elevation, experimental herbivory by winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata) increased emissions of monoterpenes and homoterpenes over the 3-week feeding period, and sesquiterpenes and green leaf volatiles at the end of the feeding period. At high elevation, however, herbivory augmented only homoterpene emissions. The more pronounced herbivory effects at low elevation were likely due to higher herbivory intensity. Of the individual compounds, linalool, ocimene, 4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene, 2-methyl butanenitrile and benzyl nitrile were among the most responsive compounds in herbivory treatments. Herbivory also altered foliar NVSC profiles at both low and high elevations, with the most responsive compounds likely belonging to fatty acyl glycosides and terpene glycosides. Additionally, VOC emissions from non-infested branches were higher at high than low elevation, particularly during the early season, which was mainly driven by phenological differences. The VOC emissions varied substantially over the season, largely reflecting the seasonal variations in temperature and light levels. Our results suggest that if insect herbivory pressure continues to rise in the mountain birch forest with ongoing climate change, it will significantly increase VOC emissions with important consequences for local trophic interactions and climate. biotic stress, geometrid moth, global change, plant–insect interactions, secondary metabolites, volatile organic compounds.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse-Ikkekommersiell 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.no*
dc.subjectbiotic stressen_US
dc.subjectgeometrid mothen_US
dc.subjectglobal changeen_US
dc.subjectplant–insect interactionsen_US
dc.subjectsecondary metabolitesen_US
dc.subjectvolatile organic compoundsen_US
dc.titleSeasonal and elevational variability in the induction of specialized compounds from mountain birch (Betula pubescens var. pumila) by winter moth larvae (Operophtera brumata)en_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holder© 2021 The Authorsen_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480en_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Zoology and botany: 480en_US
dc.source.pagenumber1019-1033en_US
dc.source.volume41en_US
dc.source.journalTree Physiologyen_US
dc.source.issue6en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/treephys/tpab023
dc.identifier.cristin1921882
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 244454en_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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