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The taxonomy, life cycle and pathology of sarcoptes scabiei and notoedres cati (Acarina, sarcoptidae): A review in a fennoscandian wildlife perspective

Kraabøl, Morten; Gundersen, Vegard; Fangel, Kirstin; Olstad, Kjetil
Journal article, Peer reviewed
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URI
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2572895
Date
2015
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  • Publikasjoner fra CRIStin - NINA [2538]
  • Scientific publications [1567]
Original version
Fauna Norvegica. 2015, 35 21-33.   10.5324/fn.v35i0.1652
Abstract
Kraabøl M, Gundersen V, Fangel K, Olstad K. 2015. The taxonomy, life cycle and pathology of

Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedres cati (Acarina, Sarcoptidae): A review in a Fennoscandian wildlife

perspective. Fauna norvegica 35: 21-33.

Mites constitute an old cosmopolitan group, abundant in various terrestrial and aquatic habitats

of considerable environmental variations. The majority of mites are free-living, whereas some

have evolved parasitic relationships with a variety of animals either as endo- or ectoparasites. The

ectoparasitic and skin burrowing Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedres cati, cause sarcoptic and notoedric

mange among a variety of mammalian species, including humans. In a non-adequate host these mites

lead to pseudo-scabies which is often self-curable. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of

recent knowledge on the taxonomy, life cycles and pathology of these two mites, which are of relevance

to Fennoscandian wildlife, by considering knowledge on transmission vectors, host immunology, and

some documented outbreaks. These mites affect the health and survival of mammals in four ways; 1)

skin tissue damages, 2) loss of body fluids, 3) allergic reactions and 4) secondary bacterial infections.

A short-term effect of outbreaks is usually high mortality, and long-term effects vary from extinction

to biased population structure to no effect at all. Red foxes are generalist predators that are important

end-hosts for mites that develop disease depending on their immunity status, and transmit mites to

other hosts. Outbreaks of mange may possibly have ecological consequences on a wider scale. In an

endangered species, like the arctic fox or Eurasian lynx, loss of only a few individuals can be critical.

It might be wise for management authorities to develop emergency plans to minimize consequences

of outbreaks of sarcoptic or notoedric mange in threatened species such as the arctic fox and the lynx.
Journal
Fauna Norvegica

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