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    • Effects of free-range and confined housing on joint health in a herd of fattening pigs 

      Etterlin, Pernille Engelsen; Ytrehus, Bjørnar; Lundeheim, Nils; Heldmer, Eva; Österberg, Julia; Ekman, Stina (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2014)
      Background: Free-range housing, in which pigs have access to both indoor and outdoor areas, is mandatory in organic pig production in Europe, but little is known about the effects of this housing on joint health in pigs. ...

    • Effects of human-induced disturbances and weather on herbivore movement 

      Leclerc, Martin; Tarroux, Arnaud; Fauchald, Per; Stien, Audun; Tveraa, Torkild; St-Laurent, Martin-Hugues (Journal article, 2019)
      Human-caused habitat disturbances and climate change are leading threats to biodiversity. Studying the impacts of human activities on wildlife from a behavioral perspective is a relevant starting point to understand the ...

    • Effects of Landscape Characteristics on Annual Survival of Lesser Prairie-Chickens 

      Robinson, Samantha G.; Haukos, David A.; Plumb, Reid T.; Kraft, John D.; Sullins, Daniel S.; Lautenbach, Joseph M.; Lautenbach, Jonathan D.; Sandercock, Brett; Hagen, Christian A.; Bartuszevige, Anne; Rice, Mindy A. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Agriculture and development have caused landscape change throughout the southwestern Great Plains in the range of the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus). Landscape alteration within the lesser prairie-chicken ...

    • Effects of leg flags on nest survival of four species of Arctic-breeding shorebirds 

      Weiser, Emily L.; Lanctot, Richard B.; Brown, Stephen C. W.; Gates, H. River; Bentzen, Rebecca L.; Boldenow, Megan L.; Cunningham, Jenny A.; Doll, Andrew; Donnelly, Tyrone F.; English, Willow B.; Franks, Samantha E.; Grond, Kirsten; Herzog, Patrick; Hill, Brooke L.; Kendall, Steve; Kwon, Eunbi; Lank, David B.; Liebezeit, Joseph R.; Rausch, Jennie; Saalfeld, Sarah T.; Taylor, Audrey R.; Ward, David H.; Woodard, Paul F.; Sandercock, Brett (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Marking wild birds is an integral part of many field studies. However, if marks affect the vital rates or behavior of marked individuals, any conclusions reached by a study might be biased relative to the general population. ...

    • Effects of livestock on occurrence of the Vulnerable red panda Ailurus fulgens in Rara National Park, Nepal 

      Sharma, Hari Prasad; Belant, Jerrold L.; Swenson, Jon (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)
      The Vulnerable red panda Ailurus fulgens is endemic to the Himalayas. Anthropogenic activities, including deforestation, have degraded the species’ habitat but the effects of livestock have not been examined. We assessed ...

    • Effects of mountain biking versus hiking on trails under different environmental conditions 

      Evju, Marianne; Hagen, Dagmar; Jokerud, Mari; Olsen, Siri Lie; Selvaag, Sofie Kjendlie; Vistad, Odd Inge (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Recreational use of nature areas is increasing worldwide. All trail-based activities have a certain degradation effect on vegetation and soil, and conflicts between conservation values and recreation may occur. Controversy ...

    • Effects of patch-burn grazing on breeding density and territory size of Dickcissels 

      Verheijen, Bram H.F.; Clipp, Hannah L.; Bartolo, Alessandro; Jensen, William E.; Sandercock, Brett (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019)
      Ongoing habitat loss and intensification of management of remaining grasslands have led to large population declines of grassland songbirds in North America. As an alternative to intensive and homogeneous use of rangelands, ...

    • Effects of salmon lice infection on the behaviour of sea trout in the marine phase 

      Gjelland, Karl Øystein; Serra-Llinares, Rosa Maria; Hedger, Richard David; Arechavala-Lopez, Pablo; Nilsen, Rune; Finstad, Bengt; Uglem, Ingebrigt; Skilbrei, Ove Tommy; Bjørn, Pål Arne (Peer reviewed, 2014)
      Salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer may affect survival and growth of anadromous salmonids through physiological stress and/or behavioural changes. Using acoustic telemetry tracking, we investigated the behaviour ...

    • Effects of salmon lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis on wild sea trout Salmo trutta—a literature review 

      Thorstad, Eva Bonsak; Todd, Christopher D.; Uglem, Ingebrigt; Bjørn, Pål Arne; Gargan, Patrick G.; Vollset, Knut Wiik; Halttunen, Elina; Kålås, Steinar; Berg, Marius; Finstad, Bengt (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015)
      Salmon farming increases the abundance of salmon lice, which are ectoparasites of salmonids in the sea. Here we review the current knowledge on the effects of salmon lice on wild sea trout. Salmon lice feed on host mucus, ...

    • Effects of salmon lice on sea trout. A litterature review 

      Thorstad, Eva Bonsak; Todd, Christopher D.; Bjørn, Pål Arne; Gargan, Patrick G.; Vollset, Knut Wiik; Halttunen, Elina; Kålås, Steinar; Uglem, Ingebrigt; Berg, Marius; Finstad, Bengt (NINA Rapport;1044, Research report, 2014)
      Thorstad, E.B., Todd, C.D., Bjørn, P.A., Gargan, P.G., Vollset, K.W., Halttunen, E., Kålås, S., Uglem, I., Berg, M. & Finstad, B. 2014. Effects of salmon lice on sea trout. A litterature review. NINA Rapport 1044. 162 s. ...

    • Effects of sampling location within feces on genotyping success in brown bears 

      Kopatz, Alexander; Kleven, Oddmund; Friebe, Andrea; Ahlqvist, David; Kindberg, Jonas; Flagstad, Øystein (NINA Report;2022, Research report, 2021)
      Kopatz, A., Kleven, O., Friebe, A., Ahlqvist, D., Kindberg, J. & Flagstad, Ø. 2021. Effects of sampling location within feces on genotyping success in brown bears. NINA Report 2022. Norwegian Institute for Nature ...

    • Effects of satellite transmitters on survival in Snowy Owls Bubo scandiacus 

      Heggøy, Oddvar; Aarvak, Tomas; Øien, Ingar Jostein; Jacobsen, Karl-Otto; Solheim, Roar; Zazelenchuk, Dan; Stoffel, Marten; Kleven, Oddmund (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      The use of tracking devices to monitor birds is extensive, but the effects of such instruments on equipped individuals are still insufficiently taken into account. Here we evaluate potential effects of backpack-mounted ...

    • Effects of temperature and precipitation on breeding migrations of amphibian species in southeastern Norway 

      Dervo, Børre Kind; Bærum, Kim Magnus; Skurdal, Jostein; Museth, Jon (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      To reveal the effects of climate, a generalized linear mixedmodelwas used to explore the variation in onset of spawning migration for the two newt species T. cristatus and L. vulgaris in southernNorway.Amphibians are highly ...

    • Effects of water level regulation in alpine hydropower reservoirs: an ecosystem perspective with a special emphasis on fish 

      Hirsch, Philipp E.; Eloranta, Antti; Amundsen, Per-Arne; Brabrand, Åge; Charmasson, Julie; Helland, Ingeborg Palm; Power, Michael John; Sanchez-Hernandez, Javier; Sandlund, Odd Terje; Sauterleute, Julian Friedrich; Skoglund, Sigrid Østrem; Ugedal, Ola; Yang, Hong (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017)
      Sustainable development of hydropower demands a holistic view of potential impacts of water level regulation (WLR) on reservoir ecosystems. Most environmental studies of hydropower have focused on rivers, whereas environmental ...

    • Effekt av sykling og ridning på vegetasjon langs stier. Resultater fra en feltstudie 

      Hagen, Dagmar; Evju, Marianne; Olsen, Siri Lie; Andersen, Oddgeir; Vistad, Odd Inge (NINA Rapport;1288, Research report, 2016-10-17)
      Hagen, D., Evju, M., Olsen, S.L., Andersen, O. og Vistad, O.I. 2016. Effekt av sykling og ridning på vegetasjon langs stier. Resultater fra en feltstudie. - NINA Rapport 1288. 50 s. Å kunne ferdes i naturen er et gode ...

    • Effekt på stor elvebreddedderkopp etter habitatforbedrende tiltak på Langøra N, Stjørdal kommune. Status i 2019 

      Åström, Sandra; Hanssen, Oddvar (NINA Rapport;1704, Research report, 2019)
      Åström, S. & Hanssen, O. 2019. Effekt på stor elvebreddedderkopp etter habitatforbedrende tiltak på Langøra N, Stjørdal kommune. Status i 2019. NINA Rapport 1704. Norsk institutt for naturforskning. Stor elvebreddedderkopp, ...

    • Effektar av motorferdsel i utmark på natur, folk og samfunn. Ein kunnskapsstatus 

      Hagen, Dagmar; Reitan, Ole (NINA Rapport;187, Research report, 2007)
      Vistad, O.I. (red.), Hagen, D. og Reitan, O. 2007. Effektar av motorferdsel i utmark på natur, folk og samfunn. Ein kunnskapsstatus. - NINA Rapport 187. 54 s. Effektar på vegetasjon og terreng Terrengkøyring på barmark ...

    • Effekten av høsting på produksjon og lønnsomhet i reindriften 

      Bårdsen, Bård-Jørgen; Berglann, Helge; Stien, Audun; Tveraa, Torkild (NINA rapport;999, Research report, 2014)
      Bestander av store klovdyr som f.eks. rein Rangifer sp., er regulert og begrenset gjennom ne-gativ tetthetsavhengighet og tilfeldig variasjon i klimatiske forhold. Tetthetsavhengighet og kli-ma påvirker individer av ulike ...

    • Effekten av overvåkingsfiske om høsten på overlevelse og atferd hos laks før og under gyting 

      Havn, Torgeir B.; Munkeby, Johan O.; Lennox, Robert; Karlsen, Dag H.; Davidsen, Jan G.; Ulvan, Eva M.; Solem, Øyvind (NINA Rapport;2253, Research report, 2023)
      Havn, T.B., Munkeby, J.O., Lennox, R., Karlsen, D.H., Davidsen, J.G., Ulvan, E.M. & Solem, Ø. 2023. Effekten av overvåkingsfiske om høsten på overlevelse og atferd hos laks før og under gyting. NINA Rapport 2253. Norsk ...

    • Effekter av akutte bestandsreduksjoner hos sjøfugl knyttet til Lofoten, Vesterålen og Barentshavet 

      Reiertsen, Tone Kristin; Erikstad, Kjell Einar; Johansen, Malin Kjellstadli; Sandvik, Hanno; Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Barrett, Rob; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe; Lorentsen, Svein-Håkon; Strøm, Hallvard; Systad, Geir (NINA Rapport;1547, Research report, 2019)
      Flere sjøfuglarter går tilbake globalt blant annet pga. klimaendringer. Det er derfor viktig å av-dekke tilleggseffekter av ytterligere påvirkninger, som for eksempel oljesøl. Oljesøl kan føre til massedød blant sjøfugl. ...