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dc.contributor.authorOudman, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorLaland, Kevin
dc.contributor.authorRuxton, Graeme
dc.contributor.authorTombre, Ingunn
dc.contributor.authorShimmings, Paul
dc.contributor.authorProup, Jouke
dc.coverage.spatialNorwaynb_NO
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-09T09:52:53Z
dc.date.available2020-01-09T09:52:53Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.issn2296-701X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2635467
dc.description.abstractLong-distance migratory animals must contend with global climate change, but they differ greatly in whether and how they adjust. Species that socially learn their migration routes may have an advantage in this process compared to other species, as learned changes that are passed on to the next generation can speed up adjustment. However, evidence from the wild that social learning helps migrants adjust to environmental change is absent. Here, we study the behavioral processes by which barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) adjust spring-staging site choice along the Norwegian coast, which appears to be a response to climate change and population growth. We compared individual-based models to an empirical description of geese colonizing a new staging site in the 1990s. The data included 43 years of estimated annual food conditions and goose numbers at both staging sites (1975–2017), as well as annual age-dependent switching events between the two staging sites from one year to the next (2000–2017). Using Approximate Bayesian Computation, we assessed the relative likelihood of models with different “decision rules”, which define how individuals choose a staging site. In the best performing model, individuals traveled in groups and staging site choice was made by the oldest group member. Groups normally returned to the same staging site each year, but exhibited a higher probability of switching staging site in years with larger numbers of geese at the staging site. The decision did not depend on food availability in the current year. Switching rates between staging sites decreased with age, which was best explained by a higher probability of switching between groups by younger geese, and not by young geese being more responsive to current conditions. We found no evidence that the experienced foraging conditions in previous years affected staging site choice. Our findings demonstrate that copying behavior and density-dependent group decisions explain how geese adjust their migratory habits rapidly in response to changes in food availability and competition. We conclude that considering social processes can be essential to understand how migratory animals respond to changing environmentsnb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.subjectBranta leucopsisnb_NO
dc.subjectclimate changenb_NO
dc.subjectdecision-makingnb_NO
dc.subjectexplorative behaviornb_NO
dc.subjectgroup decisionnb_NO
dc.subjectmemorynb_NO
dc.subjectmigrationnb_NO
dc.subjectsocial learningnb_NO
dc.titleYoung birds switch but old birds lead: How Barnacle Geese adjust migratory habits to environmental changenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.typeJournal article
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.rights.holder© 2020 Oudman, Laland, Ruxton, Tombre, Shimmings and Prop.nb_NO
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480nb_NO
dc.source.journalFrontiers in Ecology and Evolutionnb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fevo.2019.00502
dc.identifier.cristin1769067


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