• Evaluating the Ryman–Laikre effect for marine stock enhancement and aquaculture 

      Waples, Robin S.; Hard, Jeffrey J.; Hindar, Kjetil; Karlsson, Sten (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      The Ryman–Laikre (R-L) effect is an increase in inbreeding and a reduction in total effective population size (NeT) in a combined captive–wild system, which arises when a few captive parents produce large numbers of ...